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Li Xiannian (), Chairman of the Seventh National Committee of the Chinese People's Political Consultative Conference (CPPCC) and secretary of the leading Party group of the Seventh CPPCC National Committee, a native of Hong'an, Hubei Province, was a carpenter in his early years.

In he joined the revolutionary ranks and was engaged in the work of the peasant association.

Yang shangkun He was a full member of the Politburo from to , and of its Standing Committee from to Li worked as an apprentice carpenter in his teenage years to support his family. After studying at the Military—Political University and the Central Party School , he became an influential and successful military commander during the Second Sino-Japanese War and the Chinese Civil War , distinguishing himself in the Huaihai campaign. After the PRC was established, he served as Governor and Party Secretary of his native Hubei Province from to , and then joined the central leadership in Beijing, serving as Minister of Finance — and Vice Premier — One of the Eight Elders of the Party, he was considered the most leftist among them, both politically and economically.

In November he took part in the Huang'an (now Hong'an)-Macheng armed uprising and joined the Communist Party of China (CPC). He served as secretary of Huang'an County CPC committee and chairman of Huang'an County Workers' and Peasants' Democratic Government. After , he served as political commissar of the 33rd Regiment of the 11th Division of the Fourth Front Army of the Chinese Workers' and Peasants' Red Army, the Division and the 30th Army.

He participated in establishing the Hubei-Henan-Anhui and Sichuan-Shaanxi revolutionary base areas. In May he took part in the Long March. In October he was instructed to lead the 30th Army of the Fourth Front Army to march westward to cross the Yellow River, participated in the western expedition of the West Column and served as member of the Military and Administrative Council of the West Column.

After the West Column ended up in defeat in March , he commanded the remaining forces of the West Column to fight in Xinjiang.

Biography of li xiannian He was a full member of the Politburo from to , and of its Standing Committee from to Li worked as an apprentice carpenter in his teenage years to support his family. After the PRC was established, he served as Governor and Party Secretary of his native Hubei Province from to , and then joined the central leadership in Beijing , serving as Minister of Finance — and Vice Premier — One of the Eight Elders of the Communist Party, he was considered the most leftist among them, both politically and economically. Li played a key role in blocking privatizations and maintaining state control in many sectors of the economy, promoted classical Communist political and cultural values through his patronage of theorists such as Hu Qiaomu and Deng Liqun , and was instrumental in purging liberals Hu Yaobang and Zhao Ziyang.

At the end of the same year, he arrived at Yan'an. He studied in the Anti-Japanese Military and Political University and the Institute of Marxism-Leninism. In the winter of , he served as deputy director of the military commission of the Henan-Hubei Border Area Provincial CPC Committee and head of the military affairs department.

In January he went to the Henan-Hubei border area, conducted guerrilla warfare, served as commander of the Henan-Hubei Independent Guerrilla Group, the Henan-Hubei Independent Guerrilla Detachment and the Henan-Hubei Forward Column of the New Fourth Army and established the Henan-Hubei Border Area Anti-Japanese Base Area. After the Southern Anhui Incident occurred in January , he served as commander and political commissar of the 5th Division of the New Fourth Army.

In January he served as secretary of the Henan-Hubei Border Area CPC Committee. In October he served as commander and political commissar of the Hubei-Henan-Anhui-Hunan-Jiangxi Military Area.

In he joined the revolutionary ranks and was engaged in the work of the peasant association. He participated in establishing the Hubei - Henan - Anhui and Sichuan - Shaanxi revolutionary base areas. In May he took part in the Long March. In October he was instructed to lead the 30th Army of the Fourth Front Army to march westward to cross the Yellow River , participated in the western expedition of the West Column and served as member of the Military and Administrative Council of the West Column. After the West Column ended up in defeat in March , he commanded the remaining forces of the West Column to fight in Xinjiang.

At the Seventh National Congress of the CPC held in June , he was elected member of the CPC Central Committee. After the victory in the anti-Japanese war, he served as deputy secretary of the Central Plains Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and commander of the Central Plains Military Area. In June he commanded troops to break out of the encirclement by KMT massive forces from several directions and smashed Chiang Kai-shek's scheme to wipe out the Central Plains Liberation Army.

In September he was instructed to return to Yan'an. In he served as second deputy secretary of the Central Plains Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and deputy commander of the Shanxi-Hebei-Shandong-Henan Field Army. In May he served as member of the newly organized Central Plains Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and deputy commander of the Central Plains Military Area and the Central Plains Field Army and assisted Liu Bocheng and Deng Xiaoping in their work.

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After May , he served as secretary of Hubei provincial CPC committee, chairman of Hubei provincial people's government, commander and political commissar of Hubei provincial military area, secretary of Wuhan municipal CPC committee and mayor of Wuhan City, deputy secretary of the Central-South Bureau of the CPC Central Committee, vice-chairman of the Central-South Military and Administrative Commission and member of the Central People's Revolutionary Military Commission.

From September to September , he served as Vice-Premier of the State Council, Minister of Finance, director of the Financial and Trade Office of the State Council, deputy head of the Financial and Economic Group of the CPC Central Committee, Vice-Minister of the State Planning Commission. In May he served as member of the Secretariat of the CPC Central Committee.

During the "cultural revolution", he firmly resisted and combated the Lin Biao and Jiang Qing counterrevolutionary clique and assisted Zhou Enlai in the economic work under the complex and difficult circumstances.

Later that year he took part in leading peasant guerrillas in the Huangan-Macheng uprising, and in December became a member of the CCP. After serving several years in local Communist regimes, Li joined the newly formed Fourth Front Army in late as political commissar of the Thirty-third Regiment 11th Division , and began a long-term relationship with its commander, Xu Xiangqian. Later he became political commissar of the Eleventh Division, and of the Thirtieth Army. In these various maneuvers, Li's forces played a major role in protecting the Red Army Western flank in and subsequent to the Long March and experienced much bitter fighting. Then with the promulgation of the PRC Constitution in and the reorganizing of the gov-ernment structure and the formation of the State Council that followed, Li was transferred to Beijing, where he began a second career as an economic administrator in the national government.

In October he played an important role in smashing the Jiang Qing counterrevolutionary clique. In August he served as Vice-Chairman of the CPC Central Committee and executive member of the Military Commission of the CPC Central Committee. After the Third Plenary Session of the Eleventh CPC Central Committee was held in December , he participated in formulating and organizing the implementation of the line, principles and policies during the new period.

In March he served as vice-chairman of the Financial and Economic Committee of the State Council. After , he took charge of the Foreign Affairs Work Leading Group of the CPC Central Committee. At the First Meeting of the Sixth NPC held in June , he served as President of the People's Republic of China.

From April to June , he served as Chairman of the CPPCC National Committee. He was member of the Eighth, Ninth, Tenth, Eleventh and Twelfth CPC Central Committees, member of the Political Bureau of the CPC Central Committee and member of the Standing Committee of the Political Bureau of the Eleventh and Twelfth CPC Central Committees.

His major works are included in the Selected Works of Li Xiannian.